SHIVAJI is only the second Hindu king who established the Hindu kingdom from scratch against the odds of surrounding Islamic kingdoms. The first ones were Harihar and Bukka guided by the sage Swami Vidyaranya in early 1300s. Their Vijaynagar empire was destroyed by the combined muuslim forces in 1565. Shivaji started establishing his kingdom using his fathers Pune jahagir as the base in about 1642 and went on to become Chhatrapati in 1674 AD.
This is significant in the light of continuous Islamic attacks on Hindustan - India - Indus valley - since the 11th century. The kingdom of Devagiri in southern Hindustan fell in the beginning of 1300s. And only after a few years Vijaynagar kingdom was founded which lasted till 1565. Then it took about 80 years to create the second Hindu king Shivaji in the same region!
SHIVAJI 1630 - 1680 AD Shivaji, born on 19 February 1630 on Shivneri fort near Pune, started to build his Hindu kingdom in about 1640, using his father Shahaji's Pune vatan (jagir)(Pune was small town at the time), as the base. Later, Shivaji took over the adjoining lands of Vijapur Sultan Adilshah and Mughal empire of which Aurangzeb was a prince then. He also started to build a powerful army, mainly cavalary.
EARLY DAYS After the adveturous killing of Afzalkhan , a warrior of Adilshah of Vijapur, at Pratapgad on 10th November 1659, Shivaji became famous throughout India as the brave new king who had the blessings of God. He conquered more territory from the adjoining kingdoms of Adilshah and Aurangzeb. Due to this, Shivaji had to face the onslaught of several enemy warriors from both the kings. Shivaji succeeded against them.